RT Journal
A1 Zhang, Yong E.
A1 Vibranovski, Maria D.
A1 Krinsky, Benjamin H.
A1 Long, Manyuan
T1 Age-dependent chromosomal distribution of male-biased genes in Drosophila
JF Genome Research 
JO Genome Research 
YR 2010 
FD November 01 
VO 20 
IS 11 
SP 1526 
OP 1533 
DO 10.1101/gr.107334.110 
UL http://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/11/1526.abstract 
AB We investigated the correlation between the chromosomal location and age distribution of new male-biased genes formed by duplications via DNA intermediates (DNA-level) or by de novo origination in Drosophila. Our genome-wide analysis revealed an excess of young X-linked male-biased genes. The proportion of X-linked male-biased genes then diminishes through time, leading to an autosomal excess of male-biased genes. The switch between X-linked and autosomal enrichment of male-biased genes was also present in the distribution of both protein-coding genes on the D. pseudoobscura neo-X chromosome and microRNA genes of D. melanogaster. These observations revealed that the evolution of male-biased genes is more complicated than the previously detected one-step X→A gene traffic and the enrichment of the male-biased genes on autosomes. The pattern we detected suggests that the interaction of various evolutionary forces such as the meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI), faster-X effect, and sexual antagonism in the male germline might have shaped the chromosomal distribution of male-biased genes on different evolutionary time scales.