TY - JOUR A1 - Tassy, Olivier A1 - Dauga, Delphine A1 - Daian, Fabrice A1 - Sobral, Daniel A1 - Robin, François A1 - Khoueiry, Pierre A1 - Salgado, David A1 - Fox, Vanessa A1 - Caillol, Danièle A1 - Schiappa, Renaud A1 - Laporte, Baptiste A1 - Rios, Anne A1 - Luxardi, Guillaume A1 - Kusakabe, Takehiro A1 - Joly, Jean-Stéphane A1 - Darras, Sébastien A1 - Christiaen, Lionel A1 - Contensin, Magali A1 - Auger, Hélène A1 - Lamy, Clément A1 - Hudson, Clare A1 - Rothbächer, Ute A1 - Gilchrist, Michael J. A1 - Makabe, Kazuhiro W. A1 - Hotta, Kohji A1 - Fujiwara, Shigeki A1 - Satoh, Nori A1 - Satou, Yutaka A1 - Lemaire, Patrick T1 - The ANISEED database: Digital representation, formalization, and elucidation of a chordate developmental program Y1 - 2010/10/01 JF - Genome Research JO - Genome Research SP - 1459 EP - 1468 DO - 10.1101/gr.108175.110 VL - 20 IS - 10 UR - http://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/10/1459.abstract N2 - Developmental biology aims to understand how the dynamics of embryonic shapes and organ functions are encoded in linear DNA molecules. Thanks to recent progress in genomics and imaging technologies, systemic approaches are now used in parallel with small-scale studies to establish links between genomic information and phenotypes, often described at the subcellular level. Current model organism databases, however, do not integrate heterogeneous data sets at different scales into a global view of the developmental program. Here, we present a novel, generic digital system, NISEED, and its implementation, ANISEED, to ascidians, which are invertebrate chordates suitable for developmental systems biology approaches. ANISEED hosts an unprecedented combination of anatomical and molecular data on ascidian development. This includes the first detailed anatomical ontologies for these embryos, and quantitative geometrical descriptions of developing cells obtained from reconstructed three-dimensional (3D) embryos up to the gastrula stages. Fully annotated gene model sets are linked to 30,000 high-resolution spatial gene expression patterns in wild-type and experimentally manipulated conditions and to 528 experimentally validated cis-regulatory regions imported from specialized databases or extracted from 160 literature articles. This highly structured data set can be explored via a Developmental Browser, a Genome Browser, and a 3D Virtual Embryo module. We show how integration of heterogeneous data in ANISEED can provide a system-level understanding of the developmental program through the automatic inference of gene regulatory interactions, the identification of inducing signals, and the discovery and explanation of novel asymmetric divisions. ER -