TY  - JOUR
A1  - Myers, Garry S.A.
A1  - Rasko, David A.
A1  - Cheung, Jackie K.
A1  - Ravel, Jacques
A1  - Seshadri, Rekha
A1  - DeBoy, Robert T.
A1  - Ren, Qinghu
A1  - Varga, John
A1  - Awad, Milena M.
A1  - Brinkac, Lauren M.
A1  - Daugherty, Sean C.
A1  - Haft, Daniel H.
A1  - Dodson, Robert J.
A1  - Madupu, Ramana
A1  - Nelson, William C.
A1  - Rosovitz, M.J.
A1  - Sullivan, Steven A.
A1  - Khouri, Hoda
A1  - Dimitrov, George I.
A1  - Watkins, Kisha L.
A1  - Mulligan, Stephanie
A1  - Benton, Jonathan
A1  - Radune, Diana
A1  - Fisher, Derek J.
A1  - Atkins, Helen S.
A1  - Hiscox, Tom
A1  - Jost, B. Helen
A1  - Billington, Stephen J.
A1  - Songer, J. Glenn
A1  - McClane, Bruce A.
A1  - Titball, Richard W.
A1  - Rood, Julian I.
A1  - Melville, Stephen B.
A1  - Paulsen, Ian T.
T1  - Skewed genomic variability in strains of the toxigenic bacterial pathogen, Clostridium perfringens
Y1  - 2006/08/01 
JF  - Genome Research 
JO  - Genome Research 
SP  - 1031 
EP  - 1040 
DO  - 10.1101/gr.5238106 
VL  - 16 
IS  - 8 
UR  - http://genome.cshlp.org/content/16/8/1031.abstract 
N2  - Clostridium perfringens is a Gram-positive, anaerobic spore-forming bacterium commonly found in soil, sediments, and the human gastrointestinal tract. C. perfringens is responsible for a wide spectrum of disease, including food poisoning, gas gangrene (clostridial myonecrosis), enteritis necroticans, and non-foodborne gastrointestinal infections. The complete genome sequences of Clostridium perfringens strain ATCC 13124, a gas gangrene isolate and the species type strain, and the enterotoxin-producing food poisoning strain SM101, were determined and compared with the published C. perfringens strain 13 genome. Comparison of the three genomes revealed considerable genomic diversity with >300 unique “genomic islands” identified, with the majority of these islands unusually clustered on one replichore. PCR-based analysis indicated that the large genomic islands are widely variable across a large collection of C. perfringens strains. These islands encode genes that correlate to differences in virulence and phenotypic characteristics of these strains. Significant differences between the strains include numerous novel mobile elements and genes encoding metabolic capabilities, strain-specific extracellular polysaccharide capsule, sporulation factors, toxins, and other secreted enzymes, providing substantial insight into this medically important bacterial pathogen. 
ER  -