TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mukhopadhyay, Rituparna
A1  - Yu, WenQiang
A1  - Whitehead, Joanne
A1  - Xu, JunWang
A1  - Lezcano, Magda
A1  - Pack, Svetlana
A1  - Kanduri, Chandrasekhar
A1  - Kanduri, Meena
A1  - Ginjala, Vasudeva
A1  - Vostrov, Alexander
A1  - Quitschke, Wolfgang
A1  - Chernukhin, Igor
A1  - Klenova, Elena
A1  - Lobanenkov, Victor
A1  - Ohlsson, Rolf
T1  - The Binding Sites for the Chromatin Insulator Protein CTCF Map to DNA Methylation-Free Domains Genome-Wide
Y1  - 2004/08/01 
JF  - Genome Research 
JO  - Genome Research 
SP  - 1594 
EP  - 1602 
DO  - 10.1101/gr.2408304 
VL  - 14 
IS  - 8 
UR  - http://genome.cshlp.org/content/14/8/1594.abstract 
N2  - All known vertebrate chromatin insulators interact with the highly conserved, multivalent 11-zinc finger nuclear factor CTCF to demarcate expression domains by blocking enhancer or silencer signals in a position-dependent manner. Recent observations document that the properties of CTCF include reading and propagating the epigenetic state of the differentially methylated H19 imprinting control region. To assess whether these findings may reflect a universal role for CTCF targets, we identified more than 200 new CTCF target sites by generating DNA microarrays of clones derived from chromatin-immunopurified (ChIP) DNA followed by ChIP-on-chip hybridization analysis. Target sites include not only known loci involved in multiple cellular functions, such as metabolism, neurogenesis, growth, apoptosis, and signalling, but potentially also heterochromatic sequences. Using a novel insulator trapping assay, we also show that the majority of these targets manifest insulator functions with a continuous distribution of stringency. As these targets are generally DNA methylation-free as determined by antibodies against 5-methylcytidine and a methyl-binding protein (MBD2), a CTCF-based network correlates with genome-wide epigenetic states. 
ER  -