RT Journal
A1 Conrad, Christian
A1 Erfle, Holger
A1 Warnat, Patrick
A1 Daigle, Nathalie
A1 Lörch, Thomas
A1 Ellenberg, Jan
A1 Pepperkok, Rainer
A1 Eils, Roland
T1 Automatic Identification of Subcellular Phenotypes on Human Cell Arrays
JF Genome Research 
JO Genome Research 
YR 2004 
FD June 01 
VO 14 
IS 6 
SP 1130 
OP 1136 
DO 10.1101/gr.2383804 
UL http://genome.cshlp.org/content/14/6/1130.abstract 
AB Light microscopic analysis of cell morphology provides a high-content readout of cell function and protein localization. Cell arrays and microwell transfection assays on cultured cells have made cell phenotype analysis accessible to high-throughput experiments. Both the localization of each protein in the proteome and the effect of RNAi knock-down of individual genes on cell morphology can be assayed by manual inspection of microscopic images. However, the use of morphological readouts for functional genomics requires fast and automatic identification of complex cellular phenotypes. Here, we present a fully automated platform for high-throughput cell phenotype screening combining human live cell arrays, screening microscopy, and machine-learning-based classification methods. Efficiency of this platform is demonstrated by classification of eleven subcellular patterns marked by GFP-tagged proteins. Our classification method can be adapted to virtually any microscopic assay based on cell morphology, opening a wide range of applications including large-scale RNAi screening in human cells.