TY - JOUR A1 - Bray, Nicolas A1 - Pachter, Lior T1 - MAVID: Constrained Ancestral Alignment of Multiple Sequences Y1 - 2004/04/01 JF - Genome Research JO - Genome Research SP - 693 EP - 699 DO - 10.1101/gr.1960404 VL - 14 IS - 4 UR - http://genome.cshlp.org/content/14/4/693.abstract N2 - We describe a new global multiple-alignment program capable of aligning a large number of genomic regions. Our progressive-alignment approach incorporates the following ideas: maximum-likelihood inference of ancestral sequences, automatic guide-tree construction, protein-based anchoring of ab-initio gene predictions, and constraints derived from a global homology map of the sequences. We have implemented these ideas in the MAVID program, which is able to accurately align multiple genomic regions up to megabases long. MAVID is able to effectively align divergent sequences, as well as incomplete unfinished sequences. We demonstrate the capabilities of the program on the benchmark CFTR region, which consists of 1.8 Mb of human sequence and 20 orthologous regions in marsupials, birds, fish, and mammals. Finally, we describe two large MAVID alignments, an alignment of all the available HIV genomes and a multiple alignment of the entire human, mouse, and rat genomes. ER -