TY  - JOUR
A1  - Blow, Matthew
A1  - Futreal, P. Andrew
A1  - Wooster, Richard
A1  - Stratton, Michael R.
T1  - A survey of RNA editing in human brain
Y1  - 2004/12/01 
JF  - Genome Research 
JO  - Genome Research 
SP  - 2379 
EP  - 2387 
DO  - 10.1101/gr.2951204 
VL  - 14 
IS  - 12 
UR  - http://genome.cshlp.org/content/14/12/2379.abstract 
N2  - We have conducted a survey of RNA editing in human brain by comparing sequences of clones from a human brain cDNA library to the reference human genome sequence and to genomic DNA from the same individual. In the RNA sample from which the library was constructed, ∼1:2000 nucleotides were edited out of >3 Mb surveyed. All edits were adenosine to inosine (A→I) and were predominantly in intronic and in intergenic RNAs. No edits were found in translated exons and few in untranslated exons. Most edits were in high-copy-number repeats, usually Alus. Analysis of the genome in the vicinity of edited sequences strongly supports the idea that formation of intramolecular double-stranded RNA with an inverted copy underlies most A→I editing. The likelihood of editing is increased by the presence of two inverted copies of a sequence within the same intron, proximity of the two sequences to each other (preferably within 2 kb), and by a high density of inverted copies in the vicinity. Editing exhibits sequence preferences and is less likely at an adenosine 3′ to a guanosine and more likely at an adenosine 5′ to a guanosine. Simulation by BLAST alignment of the double-stranded RNA molecules that underlie known edits indicates that there is a greater likelihood of A→I editing at A:C mismatches than editing at other mismatches or at A:U matches. However, because A:U matches in double-stranded RNA are more common than all mismatches, overall the likely effect of editing is to increase the number of mismatches in double-stranded RNA. 
ER  -