@article{Galagan01042002,
author = {Galagan, James E. and Nusbaum, Chad and Roy, Alice and Endrizzi, Matthew G. and Macdonald, Pendexter and FitzHugh, Will and Calvo, Sarah and Engels, Reinhard and Smirnov, Serge and Atnoor, Deven and Brown, Adam and Allen, Nicole and Naylor, Jerome and Stange-Thomann, Nicole and DeArellano, Kurt and Johnson, Robin and Linton, Lauren and McEwan, Paul and McKernan, Kevin and Talamas, Jessica and Tirrell, Andrea and Ye, Wenjuan and Zimmer, Andrew and Barber, Robert D. and Cann, Isaac and Graham, David E. and Grahame, David A. and Guss, Adam M. and Hedderich, Reiner and Ingram-Smith, Cheryl and Kuettner, H. Craig and Krzycki, Joseph A. and Leigh, John A. and Li, Weixi and Liu, Jinfeng and Mukhopadhyay, Biswarup and Reeve, John N. and Smith, Kerry and Springer, Timothy A. and Umayam, Lowell A. and White, Owen and White, Robert H. and de Macario, Everly Conway and Ferry, James G. and Jarrell, Ken F. and Jing, Hua and Macario, Alberto J.L. and Paulsen, Ian and Pritchett, Matthew and Sowers, Kevin R. and Swanson, Ronald V. and Zinder, Steven H. and Lander, Eric and Metcalf, William W. and Birren, Bruce}, 
title = {The Genome of M. acetivorans Reveals Extensive Metabolic and Physiological Diversity},
volume = {12}, 
number = {4}, 
pages = {532-542}, 
year = {2002}, 
doi = {10.1101/gr.223902}, 
abstract ={Methanogenesis, the biological production of methane, plays a pivotal role in the global carbon cycle and contributes significantly to global warming. The majority of methane in nature is derived from acetate. Here we report the complete genome sequence of an acetate-utilizing methanogen, Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A. Methanosarcineae are the most metabolically diverse methanogens, thrive in a broad range of environments, and are unique among the Archaea in forming complex multicellular structures. This diversity is reflected in the genome ofM. acetivorans. At 5,751,492 base pairs it is by far the largest known archaeal genome. The 4524 open reading frames code for a strikingly wide and unanticipated variety of metabolic and cellular capabilities. The presence of novel methyltransferases indicates the likelihood of undiscovered natural energy sources for methanogenesis, whereas the presence of single-subunit carbon monoxide dehydrogenases raises the possibility of nonmethanogenic growth. Although motility has not been observed in any Methanosarcineae, a flagellin gene cluster and two complete chemotaxis gene clusters were identified. The availability of genetic methods, coupled with its physiological and metabolic diversity, makes M. acetivorans a powerful model organism for the study of archaeal biology.[Sequence, data, annotations, and analyses are available athttp://www-genome.wi.mit.edu/. The sequence data described in this paper have been submitted to the GenBank data library under accession no. AE010299.]}, 
URL = {http://genome.cshlp.org/content/12/4/532.abstract}, 
eprint = {http://genome.cshlp.org/content/12/4/532.full.pdf+html}, 
journal = {Genome Research} 
}